Simplify template candidate confirmation and direct batch backtesting

.scratch/template-backtest-flow/issues/01-simplify.md

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+# 简化模板到批量回测流程
+Status: ready-for-agent
+
+## 范围
+模板详情保持编辑、保存、新增版本；回测准备选择数据准备并展开候选，候选集合即用户确认界面，点击回测直接启动批量任务并导航到回测研究。
+模板生成仅保留表达式语法与数据准备/回测参数组合一致性检查；不持久化逐候选校验状态，不依赖算子/字段可用性缓存。字段类型用于候选域选择，不作为表达式类型检查。
+模板侧不提供评估研究结果、变体关系；保留回测来源关联。其他研究生产者的行为不扩大修改。
+
+## 验证
+覆盖语法/组合失败不保存候选、无元数据仍可生成、旧记录不被旧校验状态阻塞、启动幂等与来源、候选分页/选择/直接启动导航。
+
+## 完成结果
+已实现模板独立候选确认界面及单次回测接口，内部在同一事务创建执行快照与批量任务；按账户锁和请求键保证重试幂等，提交后唤醒执行器。
+新模板候选不保存 validation；历史行状态不再参与模板资格判定。旧快照按语法和组合契约读取，其他生产者保留各自检查。
+模板参数选项同步仅辅助选择，不阻塞生成。修改准备参数会移除旧候选；迟到的生成响应不覆盖新的准备状态。
+
+## 验证结果
+- Ruff、前端 typecheck、git diff --check 通过。
+- 后端研究工作区、MCP模板、研究流水线、批量回测：97项通过。
+- 现有设置、研究导航、研究结果浏览器回归：6项通过。
+- Playwright CLI 在隔离模拟环境验证51条候选、跨页选择、40px行高、窄屏滚动、参数变化使候选失效、取消1条后单击回测创建50条任务并导航；无额外预览/评估/变体关系入口，保存来源关联。
+- 未连接真实平台执行回测，未执行生产数据库变更，未提交或推送代码。

backend/app/research/experiments.py

@@ -7,14 +7,14 @@ from collections import defaultdict
 from fastapi import HTTPException
 from sqlalchemy import func, select, update
 
-from ..backtests.contracts import Candidate, DraftInput, PreviewInput, SimulationSettings, Source
+from ..backtests.contracts import Candidate, DraftInput, PreviewInput, SimulationSettings, Source, StartInput
 from ..backtests.service import Backtests, uid
 from ..catalog.research_metadata import ResearchMetadata
 from ..catalog.service import Catalog
-from ..models import Alpha, BacktestRun, CatalogResource, ResearchExperiment
+from ..models import Account, Alpha, BacktestPreview, BacktestRun, CatalogResource, ResearchExperiment
 from ..preparations.service import Preparations
 from .assets import Assets
-from .expressions import GROUPS, analyze, expand
+from .expressions import GROUPS, ExpressionError, Parser, analyze, expand
 from .serialization import encode_snapshot as jsonable_encoder
 from .workspace_contracts import TemplateSpec
 
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ class Experiments:
         self.catalog = Catalog(db)
         self.assets = Assets(db)
 
-    async def inputs(self, ids, scope=None):
+    async def inputs(self, ids, scope=None, *, check_types=True):
         if len(set(ids)) != len(ids):
             raise HTTPException(422, "输入快照重复")
         snapshots = [await self.catalog.input(input_id) for input_id in ids]
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ class Experiments:
             for name, kind in item["field_types"].items():
                 if name not in item["field_ids"]:
                     continue
-                if name in fields and fields[name] != kind:
+                if check_types and name in fields and fields[name] != kind:
                     raise HTTPException(422, f"字段 {name} 在不同快照中类型不一致")
                 fields[name] = kind
         return snapshots, fields
@@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ class Experiments:
         asset = await self.assets.get(body.asset_id, body.version, "template") if body.asset_id else None
         template = TemplateSpec.model_validate(asset["content"]) if asset else body.template
         scope = scope_of(body.settings)
-        snapshots, fields = await self.inputs(body.input_ids, scope)
+        snapshots, fields = await self.inputs(body.input_ids, scope, check_types=kind != "template")
+        if kind == "template" and not snapshots:
+            raise HTTPException(422, "请先选择数据准备")
         parents = (
             parent_snapshots
             if parent_snapshots is not None
@@ -155,9 +157,9 @@ class Experiments:
                 if not values:
                     raise HTTPException(422, f"变量 {name} 没有匹配的 {variable.field_type} 字段，请调整数据准备")
                 for value in values:
-                    if fields.get(str(value)) != variable.field_type:
+                    if kind != "template" and fields.get(str(value)) != variable.field_type:
                         raise HTTPException(422, f"变量 {name} 的字段 {value} 不在固定输入中或类型不符")
-            if variable.kind == "group" and any(
+            if kind != "template" and variable.kind == "group" and any(
                 str(v) not in GROUPS and fields.get(str(v)) != "GROUP" for v in variable.values
             ):
                 raise HTTPException(422, f"分组变量 {name} 未在固定输入中核实")
@@ -170,16 +172,29 @@ class Experiments:
             expanded = expand(template.expression, variables, body.mode, body.limit, body.seed)
         except ValueError as exc:
             raise HTTPException(422, str(exc)) from None
-        operators_snapshot = await ResearchMetadata(self.db).get("operators")
+        validation_evidence = {}
-        operators = {item["name"] for item in operators_snapshot["content"].get("items", [])}
+        if kind != "template":
-        setting_errors, settings_snapshot = await self.settings_check(body.settings)
+            operators_snapshot = await ResearchMetadata(self.db).get("operators")
-        availability = await self.field_evidence(scope, fields)
+            operators = {item["name"] for item in operators_snapshot["content"].get("items", [])}
+            setting_errors, settings_snapshot = await self.settings_check(body.settings)
+            availability = await self.field_evidence(scope, fields)
+            validation_evidence = {
+                "field_availability": availability,
+                "availability_basis": "各输入的已发布范围目录；若另有字段级证据，须同时满足",
+                "operators_snapshot": operators_snapshot,
+                "settings_snapshot": settings_snapshot,
+            }
         candidates = []
         for index, item in enumerate(expanded["items"]):
-            validation = self.validate(item["expression"], fields, operators, scope, availability)
+            findings = {}
-            validation["availability"].extend(setting_errors)
+            if kind == "template":
-            if setting_errors and validation["status"] == "valid":
+                self.check_syntax(item["expression"], f"候选 {index + 1}")
-                validation["status"] = "needs_review"
+            else:
+                validation = self.validate(item["expression"], fields, operators, scope, availability)
+                validation["availability"].extend(setting_errors)
+                if setting_errors and validation["status"] == "valid":
+                    validation["status"] = "needs_review"
+                findings["validation"] = validation
             candidates.append(
                 {
                     **Candidate(
@@ -187,7 +202,7 @@ class Experiments:
                     ).model_dump(mode="json"),
                     "bindings": item["bindings"],
                     "input_ids": list(body.input_ids),
-                    "validation": validation,
+                    **findings,
                     "changes": [
                         self.diff(parent.get("expression", ""), item["expression"])
                         for parent in parents
@@ -197,16 +212,21 @@ class Experiments:
             )
         evidence = {
             "template": asset or {"content": template.model_dump(mode="json")},
-            "field_availability": availability,
-            "availability_basis": "各输入的已发布范围目录；若另有字段级证据，须同时满足",
             "combination_count": expanded["combination_count"],
             "seed": expanded["seed"],
-            "operators_snapshot": operators_snapshot,
+            **validation_evidence,
-            "settings_snapshot": settings_snapshot,
             **(extra_evidence or {}),
         }
         return await self.save(template.name, kind, body.hypothesis, snapshots, parents, candidates, evidence)
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def check_syntax(expression, label="表达式"):
+        """Reject unsupported syntax before persistence; platform semantics are not inferred."""
+        try:
+            Parser(expression).parse()
+        except (ExpressionError, RecursionError) as exc:
+            raise HTTPException(422, f"{label}语法错误：{exc}") from None
+
     @staticmethod
     def diff(before, after):
         return [
@@ -314,11 +334,20 @@ class Experiments:
             candidates = [item for item in candidates if item["client_item_id"] in chosen]
             if len(candidates) != len(chosen):
                 raise HTTPException(422, "选择包含未知候选")
-        else:
+        elif experiment["kind"] != "template":
             candidates = [item for item in candidates if item["validation"]["status"] == "valid"]
-        if not candidates or any(item["validation"]["status"] != "valid" for item in candidates):
+        if not candidates:
+            raise HTTPException(422, "请至少选择一条候选")
+        if experiment["kind"] != "template" and any(item["validation"]["status"] != "valid" for item in candidates):
             raise HTTPException(422, "候选存在语法、类型或可用性问题，请先解决；至少保留一条已核实候选")
         inputs = experiment["inputs"]
+        if experiment["kind"] == "template":
+            # Historical collections follow the same syntax/scope contract; old row findings are irrelevant.
+            for candidate in candidates:
+                self.check_syntax(candidate["expression"], candidate["client_item_id"])
+                scope = scope_of(SimulationSettings.model_validate(candidate["settings"]))
+                if not inputs or any(item["scope"] != scope for item in inputs):
+                    raise HTTPException(422, "数据准备与回测参数组合不一致，请重新生成候选集合")
         return await Backtests(self.db).preview(
             PreviewInput(
                 inline=DraftInput(
@@ -345,6 +374,35 @@ class Experiments:
             preserve_source=True,
         )
 
+    async def start_template_backtest(self, experiment_id, body):
+        """Start the explicitly selected immutable collection in the caller's transaction.
+
+        Account locking covers preview creation as well as run creation, so concurrent
+        retries share one run. Reusing a key for another collection/selection raises 409.
+        The caller must wake the runner only after committing this transaction.
+        """
+        chosen = set(body.candidate_ids)
+        if len(chosen) != len(body.candidate_ids):
+            raise HTTPException(422, "候选选择包含重复项")
+        await self.db.scalar(select(Account).where(Account.id == 1).with_for_update())
+        previous = await self.db.scalar(select(BacktestRun).where(BacktestRun.idempotency_key == body.idempotency_key))
+        if previous:
+            saved = await self.db.get(BacktestPreview, previous.preview_id)
+            if previous.source.get("research_id") != experiment_id or chosen != {
+                c["client_item_id"] for c in saved.candidates
+            }:
+                raise HTTPException(409, "幂等键已用于另一候选集合或选择")
+            return await Backtests(self.db).run(previous.id)
+        experiment = await self.get(experiment_id)
+        if experiment["kind"] != "template":
+            raise HTTPException(422, "此入口仅用于模板候选集合")
+        if experiment["archived"]:
+            raise HTTPException(409, "候选集合已删除")
+        preview = await self.preview(experiment_id, body.candidate_ids)
+        return await Backtests(self.db).start(StartInput(
+            preview_id=preview["preview_id"], version=preview["version"], idempotency_key=body.idempotency_key,
+        ))
+
     async def setting_variants(self, body, *, parent_snapshot=None, extra_evidence=None, kind="variant"):
         parents = (
             [parent_snapshot] if parent_snapshot is not None else await self.parents([body.alpha_id], [])

backend/app/research/routes.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query, Request
 
+from ..backtests.contracts import RunOutput
 from ..security import require_auth
 from .assets import Assets
 from .comparisons import compare
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@ from .workspace_contracts import (
     ImportCommit,
     ImportPreview,
     SettingVariants,
+    TemplateBacktest,
     WorkflowSpec,
 )
 
@@ -149,6 +151,14 @@ async def preview(experiment_id: str, body: ExperimentPreview, request: Request)
         return await Experiments(db).preview(experiment_id, body.candidate_ids)
 
 
+@router.post("/experiments/{experiment_id}/backtest", status_code=202, response_model=RunOutput)
+async def template_backtest(experiment_id: str, body: TemplateBacktest, request: Request):
+    async with request.app.state.sessions.begin() as db:
+        result = await Experiments(db).start_template_backtest(experiment_id, body)
+    request.app.state.runner.backtests.wake.set()
+    return result
+
+
 @router.post("/variants/settings", status_code=201)
 async def settings_variants(body: SettingVariants, request: Request):
     async with request.app.state.sessions.begin() as db:

backend/app/research/runtime.py

@@ -522,7 +522,8 @@ class ResearchRuntime:
             "type": "candidates",
             "experiment_id": experiment["id"],
             "candidate_ids": [
-                c["client_item_id"] for c in experiment["candidates"] if c["validation"]["status"] == "valid"
+                c["client_item_id"] for c in experiment["candidates"]
+                if experiment["kind"] == "template" or c["validation"]["status"] == "valid"
             ],
         }
         ids = step.output["candidate_ids"]

backend/app/research/workspace_contracts.py

@@ -144,6 +144,11 @@ class ExperimentPreview(Contract):
     candidate_ids: list[str] | None = Field(default=None, min_length=1, max_length=10000)
 
 
+class TemplateBacktest(Contract):
+    candidate_ids: list[str] = Field(min_length=1, max_length=10000)
+    idempotency_key: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=100)
+
+
 class EvaluationRules(Contract):
     version: Literal["research-v1"] = "research-v1"
     sharpe_min: float = Field(default=1.0, allow_inf_nan=False)

backend/tests/test_mcp_templates.py

@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ async def test_sdk_template_creation_frozen_evidence_and_web_expansion(app, logg
     assert {c["expression"] for c in experiment["candidates"]} == {
         f"rank({field}) + {offset}" for field in ["TEST_FIN_001", "TEST_FIN_002"] for offset in [0, 1, 5]
     }
-    assert all(c["validation"]["status"] == "valid" for c in experiment["candidates"])
+    assert all("validation" not in c for c in experiment["candidates"])
     assert experiment["evidence"]["template"]["provenance"] == stored["provenance"]
     async with app.state.sessions() as db:
         assert await db.scalar(select(func.count()).select_from(BacktestRun)) == 1

backend/tests/test_research_workspace.py

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ from app.catalog.research_metadata import ResearchMetadata
 from app.models import BacktestRun, CatalogResource, ResearchExperiment
 from app.research.expressions import analyze, expand
 from tests.conftest import alpha
-from tests.test_backtests import execute, setup, start
+from tests.test_backtests import execute, setup
 from tests.test_catalog import SCOPE, prepare, sync
 from tests.test_catalog import catalog as catalog_fixture
 
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ def test_bounded_sampling_and_repeated_placeholders():
         expand(expression, values, "all", 100)
 
 
-async def test_template_version_expansion_preview_and_backtest(app, logged_in, research_input):
+async def test_template_version_expansion_direct_backtest_and_idempotency(app, logged_in, research_input):
     saved = await logged_in.post("/api/v1/research/assets", json={"kind": "template", "content": template()})
     assert saved.status_code == 201, saved.text
     asset = saved.json()
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ async def test_template_version_expansion_preview_and_backtest(app, logged_in, r
     assert generated.status_code == 201, generated.text
     experiment = generated.json()
     assert len(experiment["candidates"]) == 2
-    assert all(c["validation"]["status"] == "valid" for c in experiment["candidates"])
+    assert all("validation" not in c for c in experiment["candidates"])
     modified = template()
     modified["expression"] = "-rank({field})"
     response = await logged_in.put(
@@ -147,10 +147,24 @@ async def test_template_version_expansion_preview_and_backtest(app, logged_in, r
         )
     ).status_code == 409
     platform, lane = await setup(app)
-    preview = await logged_in.post(f"/api/v1/research/experiments/{experiment['id']}/preview", json={})
+    from app.models import BacktestPreview
-    assert preview.status_code == 201, preview.text
+
-    assert not platform.posts
+    url = f"/api/v1/research/experiments/{experiment['id']}/backtest"
-    run = await start(logged_in, preview.json(), "research-stage-one")
+    request = {"candidate_ids": ["c2"], "idempotency_key": "template-confirmation"}
+    result = await logged_in.post(url, json=request)
+    assert result.status_code == 202, result.text
+    run = result.json()
+    assert run["total"] == 1
+    assert run["source"]["kind"] == "template"
+    assert run["source"]["input_snapshot_ids"] == [research_input["id"]]
+    retry = await logged_in.post(url, json=request)
+    assert retry.status_code == 202 and retry.json()["backtest_run_id"] == run["backtest_run_id"]
+    conflict = await logged_in.post(url, json={**request, "candidate_ids": ["c1"]})
+    assert conflict.status_code == 409
+    async with app.state.sessions() as db:
+        assert await db.scalar(select(func.count()).select_from(BacktestRun)) == 1
+        assert await db.scalar(select(func.count()).select_from(BacktestPreview)) == 1
+    assert lane.wake.is_set()
     await execute(app, lane, run["backtest_run_id"])
     results = (await logged_in.get(f"/api/v1/backtests/runs/{run['backtest_run_id']}/results")).json()
     aid = results["items"][0]["alpha_id"]
@@ -161,22 +175,34 @@ async def test_template_version_expansion_preview_and_backtest(app, logged_in, r
     assert old["backtest_run_ids"] == [run["backtest_run_id"]]
 
 
-async def test_invalid_fields_and_unknown_operators_never_start(app, logged_in, research_input):
+async def test_template_generation_does_not_require_field_operator_or_settings_evidence(app, logged_in, research_input):
+    from sqlalchemy import delete
+
+    async with app.state.sessions.begin() as db:
+        await db.execute(delete(CatalogResource))
     body = expansion(research_input["id"])
     body["template"]["variables"]["field"]["values"] = ["other_field"]
-    assert (await logged_in.post("/api/v1/research/experiments", json=body)).status_code == 422
+    body["template"]["expression"] = "made_up({field}) + vec_avg(TEST_FIN_001)"
-    async with app.state.sessions() as db:
-        assert await db.scalar(select(func.count()).select_from(ResearchExperiment)) == 0
-    body = expansion(research_input["id"])
-    body["template"]["expression"] = "made_up({field})"
     response = await logged_in.post("/api/v1/research/experiments", json=body)
     assert response.status_code == 201, response.text
-    eid = response.json()["id"]
+    experiment = response.json()
-    assert (await logged_in.post(f"/api/v1/research/experiments/{eid}/preview", json={})).status_code == 422
+    assert all("validation" not in c for c in experiment["candidates"])
+    assert not {"operators_snapshot", "settings_snapshot", "field_availability"} & experiment["evidence"].keys()
+    assert (await logged_in.post(f"/api/v1/research/experiments/{experiment['id']}/preview", json={})).status_code == 201
     async with app.state.sessions() as db:
         assert await db.scalar(select(func.count()).select_from(BacktestRun)) == 0
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("expression", ["rank({field}", "rank({field},,)", "x = {field}"])
+async def test_template_syntax_errors_reject_whole_collection(app, logged_in, research_input, expression):
+    body = expansion(research_input["id"])
+    body["template"]["expression"] = expression
+    response = await logged_in.post("/api/v1/research/experiments", json=body)
+    assert response.status_code == 422 and "语法错误" in response.text
+    async with app.state.sessions() as db:
+        assert await db.scalar(select(func.count()).select_from(ResearchExperiment)) == 0
+
+
 async def test_import_preview_conflict_and_explicit_commit(logged_in):
     legacy = {
         "name": "legacy",
@@ -367,7 +393,7 @@ def test_actual_cnhk_setting_choice_nesting_is_supported():
     )
 
 
-async def test_published_input_does_not_override_conflicting_field_evidence(app, logged_in, research_input):
+async def test_template_candidates_ignore_conflicting_field_evidence(app, logged_in, research_input):
     async with app.state.sessions.begin() as db:
         await ResearchMetadata(db).publish(
             "availability-fixture",
@@ -382,12 +408,11 @@ async def test_published_input_does_not_override_conflicting_field_evidence(app,
     experiment = (
         await logged_in.post("/api/v1/research/experiments", json=expansion(research_input["id"]))
     ).json()
-    assert experiment["candidates"][0]["validation"]["status"] == "needs_review"
+    assert all("validation" not in c for c in experiment["candidates"])
-    assert experiment["candidates"][1]["validation"]["status"] == "valid"
     denied = await logged_in.post(
         f"/api/v1/research/experiments/{experiment['id']}/preview", json={"candidate_ids": ["c1"]}
     )
-    assert denied.status_code == 422
+    assert denied.status_code == 201
     duplicate = await logged_in.post(
         f"/api/v1/research/experiments/{experiment['id']}/preview", json={"candidate_ids": ["c2", "c2"]}
     )
@@ -607,3 +632,50 @@ async def test_template_contract_rejects_removed_scope(logged_in):
     assert response.status_code == 422, response.text
     assert "scope" in response.text
     assert "scope" not in TemplateSpec.model_json_schema()["properties"]
+
+
+async def test_template_start_checks_selection_and_ignores_old_row_validation(app, logged_in, research_input):
+    from app.models import BacktestPreview
+
+    experiment = (await logged_in.post("/api/v1/research/experiments", json=expansion(research_input["id"]))).json()
+    async with app.state.sessions.begin() as db:
+        row = await db.get(ResearchExperiment, experiment["id"])
+        row.candidates = [{**c, "validation": {"status": "needs_review", "syntax": [], "types": [],
+                                              "availability": ["历史字段未核实"]}} for c in row.candidates]
+    await setup(app)
+    url = f"/api/v1/research/experiments/{experiment['id']}/backtest"
+    for ids in [[], ["unknown"], ["c1", "c1"]]:
+        response = await logged_in.post(url, json={"candidate_ids": ids, "idempotency_key": "confirm-old"})
+        assert response.status_code == 422, response.text
+    async with app.state.sessions() as db:
+        assert await db.scalar(select(func.count()).select_from(BacktestPreview)) == 0
+        assert await db.scalar(select(func.count()).select_from(BacktestRun)) == 0
+    response = await logged_in.post(url, json={"candidate_ids": ["c1", "c2"], "idempotency_key": "confirm-old"})
+    assert response.status_code == 202 and response.json()["total"] == 2
+    retry = await logged_in.post(url, json={"candidate_ids": ["c2", "c1"], "idempotency_key": "confirm-old"})
+    assert retry.status_code == 202 and retry.json()["backtest_run_id"] == response.json()["backtest_run_id"]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("change", ["syntax", "scope", "archived", "disconnected"])
+async def test_template_start_rejects_unusable_collection_without_partial_writes(app, logged_in, research_input, change):
+    from app.models import Account, BacktestPreview
+
+    experiment = (await logged_in.post("/api/v1/research/experiments", json=expansion(research_input["id"]))).json()
+    async with app.state.sessions.begin() as db:
+        row = await db.get(ResearchExperiment, experiment["id"])
+        if change == "syntax":
+            row.candidates = [{**c, "expression": "rank("} for c in row.candidates]
+        elif change == "scope":
+            row.candidates = [{**c, "settings": {**c["settings"], "region": "EUR"}} for c in row.candidates]
+        elif change == "archived":
+            row.archived = True
+        else:
+            (await db.get(Account, 1)).connection_status = "disconnected"
+    app.state.runner.backtests.wake.clear()
+    response = await logged_in.post(f"/api/v1/research/experiments/{experiment['id']}/backtest",
+                                    json={"candidate_ids": ["c1"], "idempotency_key": "invalid"})
+    assert response.status_code == (422 if change in ("syntax", "scope") else 409), response.text
+    assert not app.state.runner.backtests.wake.is_set()
+    async with app.state.sessions() as db:
+        assert await db.scalar(select(func.count()).select_from(BacktestPreview)) == 0
+        assert await db.scalar(select(func.count()).select_from(BacktestRun)) == 0

frontend/src/research/CandidateTable.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+import { useState } from "react";
+import { Pagination } from "@douyinfe/semi-ui-19";
+import { WorkspaceTable } from "../components/WorkspaceTable";
+import type { ResearchCandidate } from "./workspaceTypes";
+
+/** Selection spans pages; eligibility is supplied by the producing workflow. */
+export function CandidateTable({
+  candidates,
+  selected,
+  onSelectionChange,
+  disabled = false,
+  requireValidation = false,
+}: {
+  candidates: ResearchCandidate[];
+  selected: string[];
+  onSelectionChange: (ids: string[]) => void;
+  disabled?: boolean;
+  requireValidation?: boolean;
+}) {
+  const [page, setPage] = useState(1);
+  const [pageSize, setPageSize] = useState(25);
+  return (
+    <>
+      <WorkspaceTable<ResearchCandidate>
+        dataSource={candidates.slice((page - 1) * pageSize, page * pageSize)}
+        className="research-candidate-table"
+        rowKey="client_item_id"
+        scroll={{ x: 1120, y: 400 }}
+        empty="暂无候选表达式。"
+        rowSelection={{
+          width: 48,
+          disabled,
+          selectedRowKeys: selected,
+          onChange: (keys) => onSelectionChange((keys ?? []).map(String)),
+          getCheckboxProps: (candidate) => ({
+            disabled:
+              disabled ||
+              (requireValidation && candidate.validation?.status !== "valid"),
+            "aria-label": `选择候选 ${candidate.client_item_id}`,
+            title: requireValidation
+              ? [
+                  ...(candidate.validation?.syntax ?? []),
+                  ...(candidate.validation?.types ?? []),
+                  ...(candidate.validation?.availability ?? []),
+                ].join("；")
+              : undefined,
+          }),
+        }}
+        columns={[
+          {
+            title: "表达式",
+            dataIndex: "expression",
+            width: 420,
+            render: (value) => <code title={value}>{value}</code>,
+          },
+          ...(
+            [
+              ["neutralization", "Neutralization", 170],
+              ["decay", "Decay", 90],
+              ["truncation", "Truncation", 120],
+              ["maxTrade", "Max Trade", 120],
+              ["nanHandling", "NaN Handling", 150],
+            ] as const
+          ).map(([key, title, width]) => ({
+            key,
+            title,
+            width,
+            render: (_: unknown, candidate: ResearchCandidate) =>
+              candidate.settings[key],
+          })),
+        ]}
+      />
+      <div className="table-pagination workspace-table-footer">
+        <span>
+          共 {candidates.length} 个候选 · 已选 {selected.length} 个
+        </span>
+        <Pagination
+          currentPage={page}
+          pageSize={pageSize}
+          total={candidates.length}
+          showSizeChanger
+          pageSizeOpts={[25, 50, 100]}
+          preventPageChangeOnPageSizeChange
+          onPageChange={setPage}
+          onPageSizeChange={(size) => {
+            setPageSize(size);
+            setPage(1);
+          }}
+        />
+      </div>
+    </>
+  );
+}

frontend/src/research/ExperimentView.tsx

@@ -1,19 +1,12 @@
 import { useState } from "react";
-import {
+import { Banner, Button, Toast } from "@douyinfe/semi-ui-19";
-  Banner,
-  Button,
-  Checkbox,
-  Table,
-  Tag,
-  Toast,
-} from "@douyinfe/semi-ui-19";
 import { post, formatTime } from "../api";
 import type { UIAction } from "../ai/types";
 import type { Experiment } from "./workspaceTypes";
 import { EvaluationPanel } from "./EvaluationPanel";
 import { LineagePanel } from "./LineagePanel";
 import { ResearchSelect } from "./ResearchSelect";
-import { validationLabel } from "./workspaceTypes";
+import { CandidateTable } from "./CandidateTable";
 import { DeleteResearchButton } from "./DeleteResearchButton";
 
 export function ExperimentView({
@@ -33,7 +26,7 @@ export function ExperimentView({
   const [runId, setRunId] = useState(experiment.backtest_run_ids[0]);
   const [busy, setBusy] = useState(false);
   const valid = experiment.candidates.filter(
-    (c) => c.validation.status === "valid",
+    (c) => c.validation?.status === "valid",
   );
   async function preview() {
     setBusy(true);
@@ -72,7 +65,10 @@ export function ExperimentView({
           生成回测确认预览{selected.length ? `（${selected.length}）` : ""}
         </Button>
       </div>
-      <p>{experiment.hypothesis}</p>
+      <details>
+        <summary>研究描述</summary>
+        <p>{experiment.hypothesis}</p>
+      </details>
       {experiment.archived ? (
         <Banner
           type="info"
@@ -92,175 +88,12 @@ export function ExperimentView({
         type="info"
         description="候选已保存为不可变研究记录。本地校验不保证平台可执行；在回测预览中确认后才开始模拟。"
       />
-      <div className="research-table-scroll">
+      <CandidateTable
-        <Table<Experiment["candidates"][number]>
+        candidates={experiment.candidates}
-          className="research-table"
+        selected={selected}
-          dataSource={experiment.candidates}
+        onSelectionChange={setSelected}
-          rowKey="client_item_id"
+        requireValidation
-          pagination={false}
+      />
-          size="small"
-          style={{ minWidth: 840 }}
-          empty="暂无候选表达式。"
-          columns={[
-            {
-              title: "选择",
-              key: "selection",
-              width: 64,
-              render: (_, candidate) => (
-                <Checkbox
-                  aria-label={`选择候选 ${candidate.client_item_id}`}
-                  disabled={candidate.validation.status !== "valid"}
-                  checked={selected.includes(candidate.client_item_id)}
-                  onChange={(event) =>
-                    setSelected((old) =>
-                      event.target.checked
-                        ? [...old, candidate.client_item_id]
-                        : old.filter((id) => id !== candidate.client_item_id),
-                    )
-                  }
-                />
-              ),
-            },
-            {
-              title: "候选表达式",
-              key: "expression",
-              render: (_, candidate) => (
-                <>
-                  <code>{candidate.expression}</code>
-                  <details>
-                    <summary>绑定与改动</summary>
-                    <pre>
-                      {JSON.stringify(
-                        {
-                          bindings: candidate.bindings,
-                          changes: candidate.changes,
-                        },
-                        null,
-                        2,
-                      )}
-                    </pre>
-                  </details>
-                </>
-              ),
-            },
-            {
-              title: "市场与设置",
-              key: "settings",
-              width: 240,
-              render: (_, candidate) => (
-                <>
-                  {candidate.settings.region} / {candidate.settings.universe} /
-                  D{candidate.settings.delay}
-                  <br />
-                  {candidate.settings.neutralization} · decay{" "}
-                  {candidate.settings.decay}
-                </>
-              ),
-            },
-            {
-              title: "校验",
-              key: "validation",
-              width: 180,
-              render: (_, candidate) => (
-                <>
-                  <Tag
-                    color={
-                      candidate.validation.status === "valid"
-                        ? "green"
-                        : "orange"
-                    }
-                  >
-                    {validationLabel[candidate.validation.status]}
-                  </Tag>
-                  {(["syntax", "types", "availability"] as const).map((key) =>
-                    candidate.validation[key].map((issue, index) => (
-                      <p key={`${key}-${index}`}>
-                        {
-                          {
-                            syntax: "语法",
-                            types: "类型",
-                            availability: "可用性",
-                          }[key]
-                        }
-                        ：{issue}
-                      </p>
-                    )),
-                  )}
-                </>
-              ),
-            },
-          ]}
-        />
-      </div>
-      <div className="research-lineage">
-        <strong>研究来源</strong>
-        <span>实验 {experiment.id}</span>
-        {experiment.evidence.template?.id && (
-          <Button
-            theme="borderless"
-            onClick={() =>
-              onAction({
-                type: "open_template",
-                asset_id: experiment.evidence.template!.id,
-                version: experiment.evidence.template!.version,
-                nonce: Date.now(),
-              })
-            }
-          >
-            模板 v{experiment.evidence.template.version}
-          </Button>
-        )}
-        {experiment.inputs.map((input) => (
-          <Button
-            key={input.id}
-            theme="borderless"
-            onClick={() =>
-              onAction({
-                type: "open_research_input",
-                input_id: input.id,
-                nonce: Date.now(),
-              })
-            }
-          >
-            {input.name} · {input.scope.region}/{input.scope.universe}/D
-            {input.scope.delay}
-          </Button>
-        ))}
-        {experiment.parents.map((parent) => (
-          <Button
-            key={`${parent.kind}:${parent.id}`}
-            theme="borderless"
-            onClick={() =>
-              onAction(
-                parent.kind === "alpha"
-                  ? {
-                      type: "open_alpha",
-                      alpha_id: parent.id,
-                      nonce: Date.now(),
-                    }
-                  : {
-                      type: "open_experiment",
-                      experiment_id: parent.id,
-                      nonce: Date.now(),
-                    },
-              )
-            }
-          >
-            父来源：{parent.id}
-          </Button>
-        ))}
-        {experiment.backtest_run_ids.map((id) => (
-          <Button
-            key={id}
-            theme="borderless"
-            onClick={() =>
-              onAction({ type: "open_backtest", run_id: id, nonce: Date.now() })
-            }
-          >
-            查看关联回测
-          </Button>
-        ))}
-      </div>
       <div className="inline-actions">
         <Button onClick={() => setAssessment((v) => !v)}>评估研究结果</Button>
         <Button onClick={() => setRelations((v) => !v)}>查看变体关系</Button>

frontend/src/research/ResearchWorkspace.tsx

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ import {
 } from "./workspaceTypes";
 import { TemplateEditor } from "./TemplateEditor";
 import { ExperimentView } from "./ExperimentView";
+import { TemplateCandidateSet } from "./TemplateCandidateSet";
 import { DeleteResearchButton } from "./DeleteResearchButton";
 import { ComparisonPanel } from "./ComparisonPanel";
 import "./workspace.css";
@@ -83,9 +84,27 @@ export function ResearchWorkspace({
   const [assetTotal, setAssetTotal] = useState(0);
   const [historyTotal, setHistoryTotal] = useState(0);
   const refreshSequence = useRef(0);
+  const CandidateView =
+    experiment?.kind === "template" ? TemplateCandidateSet : ExperimentView;
   const selectedInputs = inputs.filter((input) => inputIds.includes(input.id));
   const dirty =
     !asset || JSON.stringify(template) !== JSON.stringify(asset.content);
+  const generationKey = JSON.stringify([
+    asset?.id,
+    asset?.version,
+    template,
+    inputIds,
+    inputs,
+    settings,
+    mode,
+    limit,
+    seed,
+  ]);
+  const currentGeneration = useRef(generationKey);
+  currentGeneration.current = generationKey;
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (page === "templates" && detailMode === "editor") setExperiment(null);
+  }, [page, template, inputIds, inputs, settings, mode, limit, seed]);
   async function task(label: string, action: () => Promise<void>) {
     setBusy(label);
     setError("");
@@ -99,13 +118,12 @@ export function ResearchWorkspace({
   }
   async function refresh() {
     const sequence = ++refreshSequence.current;
-    const [nextAssets, nextInputs, nextHistory] = await Promise.all([
+    const [nextAssets, nextHistory] = await Promise.all([
       api<{ items: Asset[]; total: number }>(
         `/research/assets?kind=template&limit=25&offset=${assetPage * 25}&q=${encodeURIComponent(search)}`,
       ),
-      Promise.resolve({ items: inputs }),
       api<{ items: typeof history; total: number }>(
-        `/research/experiments?limit=25&offset=${historyPage * 25}`,
+        `/research/experiments?kind=${page === "templates" ? "template" : "variant"}&limit=25&offset=${historyPage * 25}`,
       ),
     ]);
     if (sequence !== refreshSequence.current) return;
@@ -118,7 +136,6 @@ export function ResearchWorkspace({
       Math.min(current, Math.max(0, Math.ceil(nextHistory.total / 25) - 1)),
     );
     setAssets(nextAssets.items);
-    setInputs(nextInputs.items);
     setHistory(nextHistory.items);
   }
   useEffect(() => {
@@ -261,6 +278,9 @@ export function ResearchWorkspace({
       seed,
       parent_alpha_ids: parent ? parent.split(/[,，\s]+/).filter(Boolean) : [],
     });
+    if (page === "templates" && currentGeneration.current !== generationKey) {
+      throw new Error("回测准备已改变，请按当前配置重新生成候选集合");
+    }
     setExperiment(next);
     setDetailTab("prepare");
     await refresh();
@@ -527,7 +547,7 @@ export function ResearchWorkspace({
         {error && <Banner type="danger" description={error} />}
         {detailMode === "experiment" ? (
           experiment && (
-            <ExperimentView
+            <CandidateView
               key={experiment.id}
               experiment={experiment}
               onAction={onAction}
@@ -552,7 +572,7 @@ export function ResearchWorkspace({
                 onChange={setDetailTab}
                 tabPaneMotion={false}
                 tabList={[
-                  { itemKey: "editor", tab: "模板信息编辑" },
+                  { itemKey: "editor", tab: "模板详情" },
                   { itemKey: "prepare", tab: "回测准备" },
                 ]}
               />
@@ -807,7 +827,7 @@ export function ResearchWorkspace({
                         {dirty && (
                           <Banner
                             type="warning"
-                            description="请返回模板信息编辑，保存模板版本后再生成候选。"
+                            description="请返回模板详情，保存模板版本后再生成候选。"
                           />
                         )}
                       </>
@@ -845,6 +865,9 @@ export function ResearchWorkspace({
                       </label>
                     </div>
                     <SimulationSettingsEditor
+                      validationMode={
+                        page === "templates" ? "combination" : "platform"
+                      }
                       value={settings}
                       onChange={setSettings}
                       {...options}
@@ -911,7 +934,7 @@ export function ResearchWorkspace({
             )}
             <div hidden={page === "templates" && detailTab !== "prepare"}>
               {experiment && (
-                <ExperimentView
+                <CandidateView
                   key={experiment.id}
                   experiment={experiment}
                   onAction={onAction}

frontend/src/research/TemplateCandidateSet.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+import { useRef, useState } from "react";
+import { Banner, Button, Toast } from "@douyinfe/semi-ui-19";
+import { post } from "../api";
+import type { UIAction } from "../ai/types";
+import { CandidateTable } from "./CandidateTable";
+import { DeleteResearchButton } from "./DeleteResearchButton";
+import type { Experiment } from "./workspaceTypes";
+
+/** The generated collection is the confirmation surface for a template backtest. */
+export function TemplateCandidateSet({
+  experiment,
+  onAction,
+  onDelete,
+  deleting,
+}: {
+  experiment: Experiment;
+  onAction: (action: UIAction) => void;
+  onDelete?: () => Promise<void>;
+  deleting?: boolean;
+}) {
+  const [selected, setSelected] = useState(() =>
+    experiment.candidates.map((c) => c.client_item_id),
+  );
+  const [busy, setBusy] = useState(false);
+  const [runs, setRuns] = useState(experiment.backtest_run_ids);
+  const attempt = useRef<{ selection: string; key: string } | null>(null);
+  const pending = useRef(false);
+  async function backtest() {
+    if (pending.current || !selected.length) return;
+    pending.current = true;
+    setBusy(true);
+    // Retain the same request key after network failure: retry must not create a second run.
+    const selection = JSON.stringify([...selected].sort());
+    if (attempt.current?.selection !== selection) {
+      attempt.current = { selection, key: crypto.randomUUID() };
+    }
+    try {
+      const result = await post<{ backtest_run_id: string }>(
+        `/research/experiments/${experiment.id}/backtest`,
+        {
+          candidate_ids: selected,
+          idempotency_key: attempt.current.key,
+        },
+      );
+      setRuns((old) => [...new Set([...old, result.backtest_run_id])]);
+      onAction({
+        type: "open_backtest",
+        run_id: result.backtest_run_id,
+        nonce: Date.now(),
+      });
+    } catch (error) {
+      Toast.error((error as Error).message);
+    } finally {
+      pending.current = false;
+      setBusy(false);
+    }
+  }
+  return (
+    <section className="research-card" aria-label="回测候选集合">
+      <h3>回测候选集合</h3>
+      <details>
+        <summary>研究描述</summary>
+        <p>{experiment.hypothesis}</p>
+      </details>
+      {experiment.archived && (
+        <Banner type="info" description="此候选集合已删除，保留历史关联。" />
+      )}
+      <p>确认表达式和参数后，点击“回测”将所选候选交给回测研究批量执行。</p>
+      <CandidateTable
+        candidates={experiment.candidates}
+        selected={selected}
+        onSelectionChange={setSelected}
+        disabled={busy || deleting || experiment.archived}
+      />
+      <div className="research-toolbar">
+        <Button
+          theme="solid"
+          disabled={!selected.length || deleting || experiment.archived}
+          loading={busy}
+          onClick={() => void backtest()}
+        >
+          回测（{selected.length}）
+        </Button>
+        {onDelete && !experiment.archived && (
+          <DeleteResearchButton
+            name={experiment.name}
+            label="候选集合"
+            disabled={busy || deleting}
+            onConfirm={onDelete}
+          />
+        )}
+        {runs.map((id, index) => (
+          <Button
+            key={id}
+            theme="borderless"
+            onClick={() =>
+              onAction({ type: "open_backtest", run_id: id, nonce: Date.now() })
+            }
+          >
+            关联回测 {index + 1}
+          </Button>
+        ))}
+      </div>
+    </section>
+  );
+}

frontend/src/research/workspace.css

@@ -395,3 +395,11 @@
     padding-top: 12px;
   }
 }
+
+.research-card .research-candidate-table .semi-checkbox {
+  margin: 0;
+  flex-direction: row;
+}
+.research-candidate-table .workspace-cell code {
+  white-space: nowrap;
+}

frontend/src/research/workspaceTypes.ts

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ export type InputSnapshot = {
   created_at: string;
 };
 export type ResearchCandidate = Candidate & {
-  validation: {
+  validation?: {
     status: string;
     syntax: string[];
     types: string[];

frontend/src/settings/SimulationSettingsEditor.tsx

@@ -28,7 +28,9 @@ export function SimulationSettingsEditor({
   fixedScopes,
   disabled = false,
   onValidityChange,
+  validationMode = "platform",
 }: {
+  validationMode?: "platform" | "combination";
   alphaType?: "REGULAR" | "SUPER";
   value: SimulationSettings;
   onChange: (value: SimulationSettings) => void;
@@ -43,18 +45,36 @@ export function SimulationSettingsEditor({
 }) {
   const scope = settingsScope(value);
   const row = rows.find((r) => sameScope(r, scope));
-  const errors = settingsErrors(value, rows, fixedScopes);
+  const combinationOnly = validationMode === "combination";
+  const errors = combinationOnly
+    ? !fixedScopes?.length || fixedScopes.some((s) => !sameScope(s, scope))
+      ? ["所选数据准备必须具有相同组合，并与回测组合一致"]
+      : []
+    : settingsErrors(value, rows, fixedScopes);
   const [scopeReady, setScopeReady] = useState(false);
-  const valid =
+  const valid = combinationOnly
-    !loading &&
+    ? !errors.length
-    !error &&
+    : !loading &&
-    !errors.length &&
+      !error &&
-    (fixedScopes !== undefined || scopeReady);
+      !errors.length &&
+      (fixedScopes !== undefined || scopeReady);
   useEffect(() => {
     onValidityChange?.(valid);
   }, [valid, onValidityChange]);
   function field(key: string) {
-    const options = fieldOptions(row, key);
+    const options = combinationOnly
+      ? key === "neutralization"
+        ? {
+            choices: [
+              ...new Set([
+                value.neutralization,
+                ...(row?.neutralizations ??
+                  rows.flatMap((r) => r.neutralizations)),
+              ]),
+            ],
+          }
+        : fieldOptions(undefined, key)
+      : fieldOptions(row, key);
     const current =
       value[key as keyof SimulationSettings] ??
       (key === "maxPosition" ? "OFF" : undefined);
@@ -71,7 +91,7 @@ export function SimulationSettingsEditor({
             value={typeof current === "boolean" ? String(current) : current}
             disabled={
               disabled ||
-              loading ||
+              (loading && !combinationOnly) ||
               !options.choices.length ||
               (options.choices.length === 1 && !message)
             }
@@ -97,7 +117,7 @@ export function SimulationSettingsEditor({
                 ? current
                 : undefined
             }
-            disabled={disabled || loading}
+            disabled={disabled || (loading && !combinationOnly)}
             min={options.minimum}
             max={options.maximum}
             precision={
@@ -129,16 +149,30 @@ export function SimulationSettingsEditor({
         选项更新时间：{formatTime(fetchedAt ?? null)}
       </small>
       {error && (
-        <Banner type="warning" description={`${error}；请重试同步合法设置`} />
+        <Banner
+          type="warning"
+          description={
+            combinationOnly
+              ? "参数选项暂不可用，可使用当前参数继续生成候选。"
+              : `${error}；请重试同步合法设置`
+          }
+        />
       )}
       {!loading && !rows.length && !error && (
-        <Banner type="info" description="尚无参数选项，请先同步合法设置。" />
+        <Banner
+          type="info"
+          description={
+            combinationOnly
+              ? "可同步参数选项辅助选择，当前参数仍可用于生成候选。"
+              : "尚无参数选项，请先同步合法设置。"
+          }
+        />
       )}
       <ScopePicker
         value={scope}
         options={asScopeOptions(rows)}
         readOnly={fixedScopes !== undefined}
-        disabled={disabled || loading}
+        disabled={disabled || (loading && !combinationOnly)}
         onValidityChange={setScopeReady}
         onChange={(next) =>
           onChange({